Since the 19th century, the taxonomic identity of Musa rosea Baker has been uncertain to most botanists. Review of the history and descriptions of M. rosea based on the work of different scientists from 1893 to the present was done to establish its true identity. Musa angcorenis Gagnepain has been even more obscure since the early 20th century. The aim of this study was to clarify the taxonomic history, identity, and the synonymy of M. angcorensis and M. rosea, with M. angcorensis determined to be a synonym of M. rosea. A lectotype of M. rosea is designated here, and M. angcorensis is synonymized to M. rosea.